MOSES (ben Isaac) BEN HA-NESI'AH
- MOSES (ben Isaac) BEN HA-NESI'AH
- MOSES (ben Isaac) BEN HA-NESI'AH (late
13th century), Hebrew grammarian and lexicographer; lived in
England. His mother was apparently Jewish and was known as "Countess" or
"Contesse," in Hebrew Ha-Nesi'ah; hence his name: Ben
ha-Nesi'ah. His only extant work, Sefer ha-Shoham ("The Onyx
Book"), is the sole source for the scanty information available on him.
In the introduction, he states that in his youth he wrote a grammar
book, Leshon Limmudim ("Language of Learning"). This work is
not extant and some scholars assume that extracts of it were included in
Sefer ha-Shoham, written later. The author chose the name
שֹׁהַם (Shoham), because it is an anagram of his name מֹׁשֶה
(Moses). From the work, it can be learned that the author's teacher was
R. Moses b. Yom Tov ha-Nakdan\>\> ("the Punctuator") of London (c.
1268) and that he had a knowledge of Arabic. Moses b. ha-Nesi'ah was
acquainted with many of the works of his predecessors.
Sefer ha-Shoham is divided into three parts. The first is a
general introduction to the Hebrew language, a study of the origin of
the letters, and on the formative letters and their role, etc. In the
second part, the author reviews the verbs and divides them into seven
groups. His system was possibly influenced by that of Judah b. David
Ḥayyuj\>\> . He then lists the nouns, classified into 162 metric groups,
according to the method of David Kimḥi\>\> . The third part deals
with the particles, adverbs, numerals, vocalization, and accents. He
added also a dictionary of the Aramaic words found in the Bible. Only
the introduction to Sefer ha-Shoham and the section dealing
with the verbs have been published (1947).
-BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Moses b. Isaac ha-Nesi'ah, Sefer ha-Shoham, ed. by B. Klar, 1
(1947), vii–viii (introd.), 5–16 (Eng. section) 16 n. 24 (additional
bibliography).
(Nissan Netzer)
Encyclopedia Judaica.
1971.
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